Verb conjugation is a method of changing verbs from their infinitive forms. The changes, usually done through endings and auxiliary words, express grammatical categories related to the action or state being described, such as person, number, tense, aspect and mode. Verbs are divided into a number of classes according to their form of conjugation and may be assigned model patterns to help to create the correct forms.
There are simple verb forms (e.g. ich mache, ich machte) and compound verb forms that use an auxiliary verb (e.g. ich habe gemacht, ich werde machen).
There are 6 tenses in German in total. Two of them are simple: the present simple (Präsens) and the past simple (Präteritum). The other four tenses are compound, i.e. they combine an auxiliary verb and the infinitive or the past participle form of the main verb carrying the meaning. The compound tenses include the future simple (Futur I), the present perfect (Perfekt), the past perfect (Plusquamperfekt) and the future perfect (Futur II).
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Present simple – Präsens
ich
junge
du
jungst
er/sie/es
jungt
wir
jungen
ihr
jungt
sie/Sie
jungen
Past simple – Präteritum
ich
jungte
du
jungtest
er/sie/es
jungte
wir
jungten
ihr
jungtet
sie/Sie
jungten
Present perfect – Perfekt
ich
habe gejungt
du
hast gejungt
er/sie/es
hat gejungt
wir
haben gejungt
ihr
habt gejungt
sie/Sie
haben gejungt
Past perfect – Plusquamperfekt
ich
hatte gejungt
du
hattest gejungt
er/sie/es
hatte gejungt
wir
hatten gejungt
ihr
hattet gejungt
sie/Sie
hatten gejungt
Future simple – Futur I
ich
werde jungen
du
wirst jungen
er/sie/es
wird jungen
wir
werden jungen
ihr
werdet jungen
sie/Sie
werden jungen
Future perfect – Futur II
ich
werde gejungt haben
du
wirst gejungt haben
er/sie/es
wird gejungt haben
wir
werden gejungt haben
ihr
werdet gejungt haben
sie/Sie
werden gejungt haben
Subjunctive of verb of the regular verb [jungen]
The subjunctive (from the late Latin modus coniunctivus, translated as a form of sentence structure, derived from the Latin verb coniungere – to join).
The subjunctive is a special verb form that usually expresses that the action is conditional or hypothetical.
It expresses possible, probable, hypothetical, desired, dreaded or necessary actions (thus indicating the speaker’s attitude toward the action). It is a form used to express something imagined that may never happen. In particular, it marks the utterance as subjective, doubtful or uncertain.
In German, there is the subjunctive I and the subjunctive II.
The subjunctive I includes the present subjunctive (e.g. er sei, er habe), the future subjunctive and the perfect subjunctive.
The subjunctive I usually expresses someone else’s opinion, often unlikely from the speaker’s point of view (present indicative: Er sagt, dass niemand zu Hause ist. – He says that no one is at home. X present subjunctive: Er sagt, dass niemand zu Hause sei. – He says that (supposedly) no one is at home.).
The subjunctive II includes the past subjunctive (er wäre, er hätte) and the past perfect subjunctive.
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Subjunctive I: Present – Konjunktiv I
ich
junge
du
jungest
er/sie/es
junge
wir
jungen
ihr
junget
sie/Sie
jungen
Subjunctive I: Present perfect – Konjunktiv I
ich
habe gejungt
du
habest gejungt
er/sie/es
habe gejungt
wir
haben gejungt
ihr
habet gejungt
sie/Sie
haben gejungt
Subjunctive I: Future simple – Konjunktiv I: Futur I
ich
werde jungen
du
werdest jungen
er/sie/es
werde jungen
wir
werden jungen
ihr
werdet jungen
sie/Sie
werden jungen
Subjunctive I: Future perfect - Konjuktiv I: Futur II
ich
werde gejungt haben
du
werdest gejungt haben
er/sie/es
werde gejungt haben
wir
werden gejungt haben
ihr
werdet gejungt haben
sie/Sie
werden gejungt haben
Subjunctive II: Past simple – Konjunktiv II: Präteritum
ich
jungte
du
jungtest
er/sie/es
jungte
wir
jungten
ihr
jungtet
sie/Sie
jungten
Subjunctive II: Past perfect – Konjunktiv II: Plusquamperfekt
ich
hätte gejungt
du
hättest gejungt
er/sie/es
hätte gejungt
wir
hätten gejungt
ihr
hättet gejungt
sie/Sie
hätten gejungt
Subjunctive II: Future simple – Konjunktiv II: Futur I
ich
würde jungen
du
würdest jungen
er/sie/es
würde jungen
wir
würden jungen
ihr
würdet jungen
sie/Sie
würden jungen
Subjunctive II: Future perfect – Konjunktiv II: Futur II
ich
würde gejungt haben
du
würdest gejungt haben
er/sie/es
würde gejungt haben
wir
würden gejungt haben
ihr
würdet gejungt haben
sie/Sie
würden gejungt haben
Imperativ verb ofof the regular verb [jungen]
The imperative (from the Latin imperativus) is a verb form that expresses a command, request or prohibition. In many cases, the use of the imperative can come across as rude and impolite. Therefore, a command is often expressed in a more polite way, using other grammatical means.
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Imperative – Imperativ
du
junge; jung
ihr
jungt
Participle forms of verb of the regular verb [jungen]
The participle form (from the Latin participare – ‘to take part’) is an indefinite form of a verb that can also be used in a number of ways:
to form compound verb tenses;
to form the passive voice;
as an adjective;
as an alternative to subordinate clauses (sentence condensers);
and others.
Participles can also be used as adjectives (participial adjectives), e.g. gekauft – gekauft(-e), verpasst – verpasst(-e), vergangen – vergangen(-e), as well as nouns (verbal nouns), e.g. griff – der Griff.